红帽系Linux软件包管理

Posted on In Waline:

红帽系Linux软件包管理

操作系统肯定会涉及到软件包管理，想要彻底理清这一块内容。不论是 rpm , yum 亦或是dnf，想要都搞明白。

一、RPM

Reahat Package Manager的缩写。

1.1 安装

阿里云镜像源搜索telnet

1
rpm -i telnet-0.17-66.el7.x86_64.rpm
  • -i --install，安装，但是没有任何提示。所以常配合 v h 参数
  • -v --verbose 冗长的，会显示详细的安装信息
  • -h --hash 会输出 #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
# 仅参数i
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -i telnet-0.17-66.el7.x86_64.rpm 
[root@centos7 ~]# 

# iv配合
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -iv telnet-0.17-66.el7.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing packages...
telnet-1:0.17-66.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]#

# ivh配合
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh telnet-0.17-66.el7.x86_64.rpm 
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:telnet-1:0.17-66.el7             ################################# [100%]
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.2 卸载

1
rpm -e telnet
  • -e, --erase= 卸载 ，也可以配合vh 参数
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
# 仅参数e
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -e telnet
[root@centos7 ~]# 

# ev配合
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ev telnet
Preparing packages...
telnet-1:0.17-66.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]#

# evh 配合
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -evh telnet
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Cleaning up / removing...
   1:telnet-1:0.17-66.el7             ################################# [100%]
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.3 查询

1.3.1 查询所有安装的包

1
rpm -qa
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -qa |head
kbd-misc-1.15.5-15.el7.noarch
grub2-common-2.02-0.86.el7.centos.noarch 
firewalld-0.6.3-11.el7.noarch
setup-2.8.71-11.el7.noarch
tuned-2.11.0-9.el7.noarch
basesystem-10.0-7.el7.centos.noarch      
open-vm-tools-11.0.5-3.el7.x86_64        
ncurses-base-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.noarch
lvm2-2.02.187-6.el7.x86_64
tzdata-2020a-1.el7.noarch
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.3.2 查询包是否安装

但是不好用，必须要输入完整包名，很多时候其实记不住完整的包名

1
rpm -q 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
# 输入正确的包名
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -q python
python-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64

# 输入不完整的包名，查询不到
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -q pyth
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.3.3 查询包涉及的文件

1
rpm -ql 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
# 查询python涉及的文件
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ql python
/usr/bin/pydoc
/usr/bin/python
/usr/bin/python2
/usr/bin/python2.7
/usr/libexec/platform-python       
/usr/share/doc/python-2.7.5        
/usr/share/doc/python-2.7.5/LICENSE
/usr/share/doc/python-2.7.5/README 
/usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz    
/usr/share/man/man1/python2.1.gz   
/usr/share/man/man1/python2.7.1.gz 
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.3.4 查询文件/目录属于哪个包

1
rpm -qf 文件路径
1
2
3
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/python/
python-libs-2.7.5-89.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.3.5 查询包的详细信息

1
rpm -qi 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
# 查询python的详细信息
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -qi python
Name        : python
Version     : 2.7.5
Release     : 89.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Sun 28 Sep 2025 04:05:12 PM CST
Group       : Development/Languages
Size        : 80835
License     : Python
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Thu 15 Oct 2020 02:59:06 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : python-2.7.5-89.el7.src.rpm
Build Date  : Wed 14 Oct 2020 11:09:26 PM CST
Build Host  : x86-01.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://www.python.org/
Summary     : An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language   
Description :
Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming
language often compared to Tcl, Perl, Scheme or Java. Python includes
modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and
dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and
libraries, as well as to various windowing systems (X11, Motif, Tk,
Mac and MFC).

Programmers can write new built-in modules for Python in C or C++.
Python can be used as an extension language for applications that need
a programmable interface.

Note that documentation for Python is provided in the python-docs
package.

This package provides the "python" executable; most of the actual
implementation is within the "python-libs" package.
[root@centos7 ~]#

1.4 RPM的缺点

无法自动解决依赖关系，例如安装nginx 依赖于其他三个包（nginx-all-modules、nginx-filesystem、gperftools-libs（动态库一般需要它））

而依赖的包，可能也依赖与别的包，会导致手动安装非常繁琐。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
# 下载
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/infra/x86_64/infra-common/Packages/n/nginx-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 安装，显示缺少三个包
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh nginx-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: nginx-1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID f56d1621: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        libprofiler.so.0()(64bit) is needed by nginx-1:1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64
        nginx-all-modules = 1:1.12.2-2.el7 is needed by nginx-1:1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64
        nginx-filesystem is needed by nginx-1:1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64
        nginx-filesystem = 1:1.12.2-2.el7 is needed by nginx-1:1.12.2-2.el7.x86_64
[root@centos7 ~]#

二、YUM

yum是rpm的抽象层，底层调用rpm，会自动解决依赖关系。

3.1 安装

1
yum install 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com   
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================================================= Package                            Arch                                Version                                               Repository                            Size 
=========================================================================================================================================================================Installing:
 httpd                              x86_64                              2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1                                 updates                              2.7 M 

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================Install  1 Package

Total download size: 2.7 M
Installed size: 9.4 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]:
  • 输入 y 确认安装
  • 输入 d 只下载不安装
  • 输入 n 不安装

默认需要手动输入y 确定安装，可以使用-y 自动确认。

1
yum install 包名 -y
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install httpd -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 for package: httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-7.el7 will be installed
---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7_9.1 will be installed
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be installed
---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================================================= Package                                 Arch                               Version                                            Repository                           Size 
=========================================================================================================================================================================Installing:
 httpd                                   x86_64                             2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1                              updates                             2.7 M 
Installing for dependencies:
 apr                                     x86_64                             1.4.8-7.el7                                        base                                104 k 
 apr-util                                x86_64                             1.5.2-6.el7_9.1                                    updates                              92 k 
 httpd-tools                             x86_64                             2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1                              updates                              94 k 
 mailcap                                 noarch                             2.1.41-2.el7                                       base                                 31 k 

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================Install  1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 3.0 M
Installed size: 10 M
Downloading packages:
(1/5): apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7_9.1.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                        |  92 kB  00:00:00     
(2/5): apr-1.4.8-7.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                 | 104 kB  00:00:01     
(3/5): httpd-tools-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm                                                                                               |  94 kB  00:00:00     
(4/5): mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch.rpm                                                                                                            |  31 kB  00:00:00     
(5/5): httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                     | 2.7 MB  00:00:04     
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total                                                                                                                                    714 kB/s | 3.0 MB  00:00:04     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : apr-1.4.8-7.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                1/5 
  Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7_9.1.x86_64                                                                                                                       2/5 
  Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64                                                                                                              3/5 
  Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                                                                                                           4/5 
  Installing : httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64                                                                                                                    5/5 
  Verifying  : httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64                                                                                                                    1/5 
  Verifying  : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch                                                                                                                           2/5 
  Verifying  : apr-1.4.8-7.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                3/5 
  Verifying  : httpd-tools-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64                                                                                                              4/5 
  Verifying  : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7_9.1.x86_64                                                                                                                       5/5 

Installed:
  httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1

Dependency Installed:
  apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-7.el7          apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7_9.1          httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1          mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7

Complete!

3.2 卸载

1
yum erase 包名

别名，一样的效果，用 remove 容易记忆。

1
yum remove 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
[root@centos7 ~]# yum erase httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================================================= Package                            Arch                                Version                                              Repository                             Size 
=========================================================================================================================================================================Removing:
 httpd                              x86_64                              2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1                                @updates                              9.4 M 

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================Remove  1 Package

Installed size: 9.4 M
Is this ok [y/N]:

也可以配合-y 绕过确认

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
[root@centos7 ~]# yum erase httpd -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================================================= Package                            Arch                                Version                                              Repository                             Size 
=========================================================================================================================================================================Removing:
 httpd                              x86_64                              2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1                                @updates                              9.4 M 

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================Remove  1 Package

Installed size: 9.4 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check 
Running transaction test  
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction       
  Erasing    : httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64                                                                                                                    1/1 
  Verifying  : httpd-2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1.x86_64                                                                                                                    1/1 

Removed:
  httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1

Complete!
[root@centos7 ~]#

3.3 更新

1
yum update 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
[root@centos7 ~]# yum update httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
No packages marked for update
[root@centos7 ~]#

不带包名的话，会更新所有的包，也可以配合 -y 绕过手动确认，不过更新所有包时不建议使用-y 参数，需要评估一下影响。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
[root@centos7 ~]# yum update
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com   
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Resolving Dependencies       
--> Running transaction check
---> Package NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package NetworkManager.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated    
---> Package NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated     
---> Package NetworkManager-team.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update 
---> Package NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.18.8-1.el7 will be updated      
---> Package NetworkManager-tui.x86_64 1:1.18.8-2.el7_9 will be an update  
---> Package bash.x86_64 0:4.2.46-34.el7 will be updated
---> Package bash.x86_64 0:4.2.46-35.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package bind-export-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7 will be updated
---> Package bind-export-libs.x86_64 32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16 will be an update    
---> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.27-44.base.el7 will be updated
---> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.27-44.base.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package ca-certificates.noarch 0:2020.2.41-70.0.el7_8 will be updated
---> Package ca-certificates.noarch 0:2023.2.60_v7.0.306-72.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package centos-release.x86_64 0:7-9.2009.0.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package centos-release.x86_64 0:7-9.2009.2.el7.centos will be an update       
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.22-24.el7 will be updated
---> Package coreutils.x86_64 0:8.22-24.el7_9.2 will be an update     
---> Package cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.11-23.el7 will be updated
---> Package cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.11-25.el7_9 will be an update        
---> Package cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.11-23.el7 will be updated    
---> Package cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.11-25.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-23.el7 will be updated
---> Package cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.26-24.el7_9 will be an update        
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 will be an update      
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7 will be updated      
---> Package device-mapper-event.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7 will be updated 
---> Package device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-libs.x86_64 7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5 will be an update
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.8.5-3.el7 will be updated
---> Package device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.8.5-3.el7_9.2 will be an update
---> Package dhclient.x86_64 12:4.2.5-82.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package dhclient.x86_64 12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.2 will be an update
---> Package dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.2.5-82.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.2 will be an update
---> Package dhcp-libs.x86_64 12:4.2.5-82.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package dhcp-libs.x86_64 12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.2 will be an update
---> Package diffutils.x86_64 0:3.3-5.el7 will be updated
---> Package diffutils.x86_64 0:3.3-6.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package dmidecode.x86_64 1:3.2-5.el7 will be updated
---> Package dmidecode.x86_64 1:3.2-5.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-12.el7 will be updated
---> Package expat.x86_64 0:2.1.0-15.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package firewalld.noarch 0:0.6.3-11.el7 will be updated
---> Package firewalld.noarch 0:0.6.3-13.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package firewalld-filesystem.noarch 0:0.6.3-11.el7 will be updated
---> Package firewalld-filesystem.noarch 0:0.6.3-13.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-14.el7 will be updated
---> Package freetype.x86_64 0:2.8-14.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package glib2.x86_64 0:2.56.1-7.el7 will be updated
---> Package glib2.x86_64 0:2.56.1-9.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-317.el7 will be updated
---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9.3 will be an update
---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-317.el7 will be updated
---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-326.el7_9.3 will be an update
---> Package grub2.x86_64 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2.x86_64 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package grub2-common.noarch 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2-common.noarch 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package grub2-pc.x86_64 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2-pc.x86_64 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package grub2-pc-modules.noarch 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2-pc-modules.noarch 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2-tools.x86_64 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package grub2-tools-extra.x86_64 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2-tools-extra.x86_64 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package grub2-tools-minimal.x86_64 1:2.02-0.86.el7.centos will be updated
---> Package grub2-tools-minimal.x86_64 1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14 will be an update
---> Package gzip.x86_64 0:1.5-10.el7 will be updated
---> Package gzip.x86_64 0:1.5-11.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package initscripts.x86_64 0:9.49.53-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package initscripts.x86_64 0:9.49.53-1.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package iprutils.x86_64 0:2.4.17.1-3.el7 will be updated
---> Package iprutils.x86_64 0:2.4.17.1-3.el7_7 will be an update
---> Package iwl100-firmware.noarch 0:39.31.5.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl100-firmware.noarch 0:39.31.5.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl1000-firmware.noarch 1:39.31.5.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl1000-firmware.noarch 1:39.31.5.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl105-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl105-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl135-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl135-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl2000-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl2000-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl2030-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl2030-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl3160-firmware.noarch 0:25.30.13.0-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl3160-firmware.noarch 0:25.30.13.0-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl3945-firmware.noarch 0:15.32.2.9-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl3945-firmware.noarch 0:15.32.2.9-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl4965-firmware.noarch 0:228.61.2.24-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl4965-firmware.noarch 0:228.61.2.24-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl5000-firmware.noarch 0:8.83.5.1_1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl5000-firmware.noarch 0:8.83.5.1_1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl5150-firmware.noarch 0:8.24.2.2-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl5150-firmware.noarch 0:8.24.2.2-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl6000-firmware.noarch 0:9.221.4.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl6000-firmware.noarch 0:9.221.4.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl6000g2a-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl6000g2a-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl6000g2b-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl6000g2b-firmware.noarch 0:18.168.6.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl6050-firmware.noarch 0:41.28.5.1-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl6050-firmware.noarch 0:41.28.5.1-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package iwl7260-firmware.noarch 0:25.30.13.0-79.el7 will be updated
---> Package iwl7260-firmware.noarch 0:25.30.13.0-83.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package kbd.x86_64 0:1.15.5-15.el7 will be updated
---> Package kbd.x86_64 0:1.15.5-16.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package kbd-legacy.noarch 0:1.15.5-15.el7 will be updated
---> Package kbd-legacy.noarch 0:1.15.5-16.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package kbd-misc.noarch 0:1.15.5-15.el7 will be updated
---> Package kbd-misc.noarch 0:1.15.5-16.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7 will be installed
---> Package kernel-tools.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.el7 will be updated
---> Package kernel-tools.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7 will be an update
---> Package kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.el7 will be updated
---> Package kernel-tools-libs.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7 will be an update
---> Package kexec-tools.x86_64 0:2.0.15-51.el7 will be updated
---> Package kexec-tools.x86_64 0:2.0.15-51.el7_9.3 will be an update
---> Package kpartx.x86_64 0:0.4.9-133.el7 will be updated
---> Package kpartx.x86_64 0:0.4.9-136.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.15.1-50.el7 will be updated
---> Package krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.15.1-55.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package less.x86_64 0:458-9.el7 will be updated
---> Package less.x86_64 0:458-10.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package libblkid.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7 will be updated
---> Package libblkid.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package libcroco.x86_64 0:0.6.12-4.el7 will be updated
---> Package libcroco.x86_64 0:0.6.12-6.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package libmount.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7 will be updated
---> Package libmount.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package libsmartcols.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7 will be updated
---> Package libsmartcols.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package libssh2.x86_64 0:1.8.0-4.el7 will be updated
---> Package libssh2.x86_64 0:1.8.0-4.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package libuuid.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7 will be updated
---> Package libuuid.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7.5 will be updated
---> Package libxml2.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_9.6 will be an update
---> Package linux-firmware.noarch 0:20200421-79.git78c0348.el7 will be updated
---> Package linux-firmware.noarch 0:20200421-83.git78c0348.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.187-6.el7 will be updated
---> Package lvm2.x86_64 7:2.02.187-6.el7_9.5 will be an update
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.187-6.el7 will be updated
---> Package lvm2-libs.x86_64 7:2.02.187-6.el7_9.5 will be an update
---> Package microcode_ctl.x86_64 2:2.1-73.el7 will be updated
---> Package microcode_ctl.x86_64 2:2.1-73.20.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nspr.x86_64 0:4.21.0-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package nspr.x86_64 0:4.35.0-1.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nss.x86_64 0:3.44.0-7.el7_7 will be updated
---> Package nss.x86_64 0:3.90.0-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nss-pem.x86_64 0:1.0.3-7.el7 will be updated
---> Package nss-pem.x86_64 0:1.0.3-7.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package nss-softokn.x86_64 0:3.44.0-8.el7_7 will be updated
---> Package nss-softokn.x86_64 0:3.90.0-6.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 0:3.44.0-8.el7_7 will be updated
---> Package nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 0:3.90.0-6.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nss-sysinit.x86_64 0:3.44.0-7.el7_7 will be updated
---> Package nss-sysinit.x86_64 0:3.90.0-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nss-tools.x86_64 0:3.44.0-7.el7_7 will be updated
---> Package nss-tools.x86_64 0:3.90.0-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package nss-util.x86_64 0:3.44.0-4.el7_7 will be updated
---> Package nss-util.x86_64 0:3.90.0-1.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package open-vm-tools.x86_64 0:11.0.5-3.el7 will be updated
---> Package open-vm-tools.x86_64 0:11.0.5-3.el7_9.9 will be an update
---> Package openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.44-22.el7 will be updated
---> Package openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.44-25.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package openssh.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7 will be updated
---> Package openssh.x86_64 0:7.4p1-23.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package openssh-clients.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7 will be updated
---> Package openssh-clients.x86_64 0:7.4p1-23.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package openssh-server.x86_64 0:7.4p1-21.el7 will be updated
---> Package openssh-server.x86_64 0:7.4p1-23.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7 will be updated
---> Package openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-19.el7 will be updated
---> Package openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package polkit.x86_64 0:0.112-26.el7 will be updated
---> Package polkit.x86_64 0:0.112-26.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package python-firewall.noarch 0:0.6.3-11.el7 will be updated
---> Package python-firewall.noarch 0:0.6.3-13.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package python-perf.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.el7 will be updated
---> Package python-perf.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7 will be an update
---> Package rpm.x86_64 0:4.11.3-45.el7 will be updated
---> Package rpm.x86_64 0:4.11.3-48.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package rpm-build-libs.x86_64 0:4.11.3-45.el7 will be updated
---> Package rpm-build-libs.x86_64 0:4.11.3-48.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package rpm-libs.x86_64 0:4.11.3-45.el7 will be updated
---> Package rpm-libs.x86_64 0:4.11.3-48.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package rpm-python.x86_64 0:4.11.3-45.el7 will be updated
---> Package rpm-python.x86_64 0:4.11.3-48.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package rsyslog.x86_64 0:8.24.0-55.el7 will be updated
---> Package rsyslog.x86_64 0:8.24.0-57.el7_9.3 will be an update
---> Package selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-268.el7 will be updated
---> Package selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.13.1-268.el7_9.2 will be an update
---> Package selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-268.el7 will be updated
---> Package selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.13.1-268.el7_9.2 will be an update
---> Package sudo.x86_64 0:1.8.23-10.el7 will be updated
---> Package sudo.x86_64 0:1.8.23-10.el7_9.3 will be an update
---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:219-78.el7 will be updated
---> Package systemd.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.9 will be an update
---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-78.el7 will be updated
---> Package systemd-libs.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.9 will be an update
---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-78.el7 will be updated
---> Package systemd-sysv.x86_64 0:219-78.el7_9.9 will be an update
---> Package tuned.noarch 0:2.11.0-9.el7 will be updated
---> Package tuned.noarch 0:2.11.0-12.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package tzdata.noarch 0:2020a-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package tzdata.noarch 0:2024a-1.el7 will be an update
---> Package util-linux.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7 will be updated
---> Package util-linux.x86_64 0:2.23.2-65.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package vim-minimal.x86_64 2:7.4.629-7.el7 will be updated
---> Package vim-minimal.x86_64 2:7.4.629-8.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package virt-what.x86_64 0:1.18-4.el7 will be updated
---> Package virt-what.x86_64 0:1.18-4.el7_9.1 will be an update
---> Package wpa_supplicant.x86_64 1:2.6-12.el7 will be updated
---> Package wpa_supplicant.x86_64 1:2.6-12.el7_9.2 will be an update
---> Package xmlsec1.x86_64 0:1.2.20-7.el7_4 will be updated
---> Package xmlsec1.x86_64 0:1.2.20-8.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package xmlsec1-openssl.x86_64 0:1.2.20-7.el7_4 will be updated
---> Package xmlsec1-openssl.x86_64 0:1.2.20-8.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package xz.x86_64 0:5.2.2-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package xz.x86_64 0:5.2.2-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package xz-libs.x86_64 0:5.2.2-1.el7 will be updated
---> Package xz-libs.x86_64 0:5.2.2-2.el7_9 will be an update
---> Package zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7 will be updated
---> Package zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-21.el7_9 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================================================= Package                                            Arch                        Version                                               Repository                    Size 
=========================================================================================================================================================================Installing:
 kernel                                             x86_64                      3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7                                 updates                       52 M 
Updating:
 NetworkManager                                     x86_64                      1:1.18.8-2.el7_9                                      updates                      1.9 M 
 NetworkManager-libnm                               x86_64                      1:1.18.8-2.el7_9                                      updates                      1.7 M 
 NetworkManager-team                                x86_64                      1:1.18.8-2.el7_9                                      updates                      165 k 
 NetworkManager-tui                                 x86_64                      1:1.18.8-2.el7_9                                      updates                      329 k 
 bash                                               x86_64                      4.2.46-35.el7_9                                       updates                      1.0 M 
 bind-export-libs                                   x86_64                      32:9.11.4-26.P2.el7_9.16                              updates                      1.1 M 
 binutils                                           x86_64                      2.27-44.base.el7_9.1                                  updates                      5.9 M 
 ca-certificates                                    noarch                      2023.2.60_v7.0.306-72.el7_9                           updates                      923 k 
 centos-release                                     x86_64                      7-9.2009.2.el7.centos                                 updates                       27 k 
 coreutils                                          x86_64                      8.22-24.el7_9.2                                       updates                      3.3 M 
 cronie                                             x86_64                      1.4.11-25.el7_9                                       updates                       92 k 
 cronie-anacron                                     x86_64                      1.4.11-25.el7_9                                       updates                       36 k 
 cyrus-sasl-lib                                     x86_64                      2.1.26-24.el7_9                                       updates                      156 k 
 device-mapper                                      x86_64                      7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5                                  updates                      297 k 
 device-mapper-event                                x86_64                      7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5                                  updates                      192 k 
 device-mapper-event-libs                           x86_64                      7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5                                  updates                      192 k 
 device-mapper-libs                                 x86_64                      7:1.02.170-6.el7_9.5                                  updates                      325 k 
 device-mapper-persistent-data                      x86_64                      0.8.5-3.el7_9.2                                       updates                      423 k 
 dhclient                                           x86_64                      12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.2                              updates                      286 k 
 dhcp-common                                        x86_64                      12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.2                              updates                      177 k 
 dhcp-libs                                          x86_64                      12:4.2.5-83.el7.centos.2                              updates                      133 k 
 diffutils                                          x86_64                      3.3-6.el7_9                                           updates                      322 k 
 dmidecode                                          x86_64                      1:3.2-5.el7_9.1                                       updates                       82 k 
 expat                                              x86_64                      2.1.0-15.el7_9                                        updates                       83 k 
 firewalld                                          noarch                      0.6.3-13.el7_9                                        updates                      449 k 
 firewalld-filesystem                               noarch                      0.6.3-13.el7_9                                        updates                       51 k 
 freetype                                           x86_64                      2.8-14.el7_9.1                                        updates                      380 k 
 glib2                                              x86_64                      2.56.1-9.el7_9                                        updates                      2.5 M 
 glibc                                              x86_64                      2.17-326.el7_9.3                                      updates                      3.6 M 
 glibc-common                                       x86_64                      2.17-326.el7_9.3                                      updates                       12 M 
 grub2                                              x86_64                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                       35 k 
 grub2-common                                       noarch                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                      733 k 
 grub2-pc                                           x86_64                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                       35 k 
 grub2-pc-modules                                   noarch                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                      861 k 
 grub2-tools                                        x86_64                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                      1.8 M 
 grub2-tools-extra                                  x86_64                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                      1.0 M 
 grub2-tools-minimal                                x86_64                      1:2.02-0.87.0.2.el7.centos.14                         updates                      178 k 
 gzip                                               x86_64                      1.5-11.el7_9                                          updates                      130 k 
 initscripts                                        x86_64                      9.49.53-1.el7_9.1                                     updates                      440 k 
 iprutils                                           x86_64                      2.4.17.1-3.el7_7                                      updates                      243 k 
 iwl100-firmware                                    noarch                      39.31.5.1-83.el7_9                                    updates                      156 k 
 iwl1000-firmware                                   noarch                      1:39.31.5.1-83.el7_9                                  updates                      215 k 
 iwl105-firmware                                    noarch                      18.168.6.1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      235 k 
 iwl135-firmware                                    noarch                      18.168.6.1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      243 k 
 iwl2000-firmware                                   noarch                      18.168.6.1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      237 k 
 iwl2030-firmware                                   noarch                      18.168.6.1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      246 k 
 iwl3160-firmware                                   noarch                      25.30.13.0-83.el7_9                                   updates                      1.5 M 
 iwl3945-firmware                                   noarch                      15.32.2.9-83.el7_9                                    updates                       97 k 
 iwl4965-firmware                                   noarch                      228.61.2.24-83.el7_9                                  updates                      110 k 
 iwl5000-firmware                                   noarch                      8.83.5.1_1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      290 k 
 iwl5150-firmware                                   noarch                      8.24.2.2-83.el7_9                                     updates                      152 k 
 iwl6000-firmware                                   noarch                      9.221.4.1-83.el7_9                                    updates                      172 k 
 iwl6000g2a-firmware                                noarch                      18.168.6.1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      305 k 
 iwl6000g2b-firmware                                noarch                      18.168.6.1-83.el7_9                                   updates                      305 k 
 iwl6050-firmware                                   noarch                      41.28.5.1-83.el7_9                                    updates                      242 k 
 iwl7260-firmware                                   noarch                      25.30.13.0-83.el7_9                                   updates                       14 M 
 kbd                                                x86_64                      1.15.5-16.el7_9                                       updates                      347 k 
 kbd-legacy                                         noarch                      1.15.5-16.el7_9                                       updates                      466 k 
 kbd-misc                                           noarch                      1.15.5-16.el7_9                                       updates                      1.4 M 
 kernel-tools                                       x86_64                      3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7                                 updates                      8.2 M 
 kernel-tools-libs                                  x86_64                      3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7                                 updates                      8.1 M 
 kexec-tools                                        x86_64                      2.0.15-51.el7_9.3                                     updates                      351 k 
 kpartx                                             x86_64                      0.4.9-136.el7_9                                       updates                       81 k 
 krb5-libs                                          x86_64                      1.15.1-55.el7_9                                       updates                      810 k 
 less                                               x86_64                      458-10.el7_9                                          updates                      120 k 
 libblkid                                           x86_64                      2.23.2-65.el7_9.1                                     updates                      183 k 
 libcroco                                           x86_64                      0.6.12-6.el7_9                                        updates                      105 k 
 libmount                                           x86_64                      2.23.2-65.el7_9.1                                     updates                      185 k 
 libsmartcols                                       x86_64                      2.23.2-65.el7_9.1                                     updates                      143 k 
 libssh2                                            x86_64                      1.8.0-4.el7_9.1                                       updates                       88 k 
 libuuid                                            x86_64                      2.23.2-65.el7_9.1                                     updates                       84 k 
 libxml2                                            x86_64                      2.9.1-6.el7_9.6                                       updates                      668 k 
 linux-firmware                                     noarch                      20200421-83.git78c0348.el7_9                          updates                       80 M 
 lvm2                                               x86_64                      7:2.02.187-6.el7_9.5                                  updates                      1.3 M 
 lvm2-libs                                          x86_64                      7:2.02.187-6.el7_9.5                                  updates                      1.1 M 
 microcode_ctl                                      x86_64                      2:2.1-73.20.el7_9                                     updates                      6.8 M 
 nspr                                               x86_64                      4.35.0-1.el7_9                                        updates                      128 k 
 nss                                                x86_64                      3.90.0-2.el7_9                                        updates                      905 k 
 nss-pem                                            x86_64                      1.0.3-7.el7_9.1                                       updates                       75 k 
 nss-softokn                                        x86_64                      3.90.0-6.el7_9                                        updates                      383 k 
 nss-softokn-freebl                                 x86_64                      3.90.0-6.el7_9                                        updates                      321 k 
 nss-sysinit                                        x86_64                      3.90.0-2.el7_9                                        updates                       67 k 
 nss-tools                                          x86_64                      3.90.0-2.el7_9                                        updates                      557 k 
 nss-util                                           x86_64                      3.90.0-1.el7_9                                        updates                       80 k 
 open-vm-tools                                      x86_64                      11.0.5-3.el7_9.9                                      updates                      680 k 
 openldap                                           x86_64                      2.4.44-25.el7_9                                       updates                      356 k 
 openssh                                            x86_64                      7.4p1-23.el7_9                                        updates                      510 k 
 openssh-clients                                    x86_64                      7.4p1-23.el7_9                                        updates                      655 k 
 openssh-server                                     x86_64                      7.4p1-23.el7_9                                        updates                      459 k 
 openssl                                            x86_64                      1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9                                     updates                      494 k 
 openssl-libs                                       x86_64                      1:1.0.2k-26.el7_9                                     updates                      1.2 M 
 polkit                                             x86_64                      0.112-26.el7_9.1                                      updates                      170 k 
 python-firewall                                    noarch                      0.6.3-13.el7_9                                        updates                      355 k 
 python-perf                                        x86_64                      3.10.0-1160.119.1.el7                                 updates                      8.2 M 
 rpm                                                x86_64                      4.11.3-48.el7_9                                       updates                      1.2 M 
 rpm-build-libs                                     x86_64                      4.11.3-48.el7_9                                       updates                      108 k 
 rpm-libs                                           x86_64                      4.11.3-48.el7_9                                       updates                      279 k 
 rpm-python                                         x86_64                      4.11.3-48.el7_9                                       updates                       84 k 
 rsyslog                                            x86_64                      8.24.0-57.el7_9.3                                     updates                      622 k 
 selinux-policy                                     noarch                      3.13.1-268.el7_9.2                                    updates                      498 k 
 selinux-policy-targeted                            noarch                      3.13.1-268.el7_9.2                                    updates                      7.0 M 
 sudo                                               x86_64                      1.8.23-10.el7_9.3                                     updates                      844 k 
 systemd                                            x86_64                      219-78.el7_9.9                                        updates                      5.1 M 
 systemd-libs                                       x86_64                      219-78.el7_9.9                                        updates                      419 k 
 systemd-sysv                                       x86_64                      219-78.el7_9.9                                        updates                       98 k 
 tuned                                              noarch                      2.11.0-12.el7_9                                       updates                      270 k 
 tzdata                                             noarch                      2024a-1.el7                                           updates                      497 k 
 util-linux                                         x86_64                      2.23.2-65.el7_9.1                                     updates                      2.0 M 
 vim-minimal                                        x86_64                      2:7.4.629-8.el7_9                                     updates                      443 k 
 virt-what                                          x86_64                      1.18-4.el7_9.1                                        updates                       30 k 
 wpa_supplicant                                     x86_64                      1:2.6-12.el7_9.2                                      updates                      1.2 M 
 xmlsec1                                            x86_64                      1.2.20-8.el7_9                                        updates                      177 k 
 xmlsec1-openssl                                    x86_64                      1.2.20-8.el7_9                                        updates                       76 k 
 xz                                                 x86_64                      5.2.2-2.el7_9                                         updates                      229 k 
 xz-libs                                            x86_64                      5.2.2-2.el7_9                                         updates                      103 k 
 zlib                                               x86_64                      1.2.7-21.el7_9                                        updates                       90 k 

Transaction Summary
=========================================================================================================================================================================Install    1 Package
Upgrade  116 Packages

Total download size: 261 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]:

3.4 查询

3.4.1 查询所有可用的软件清单

1
yum list
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
[root@centos7 ~]# yum list |head -n20
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com   
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com 
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages
NetworkManager.x86_64                    1:1.18.8-1.el7                @anaconda
NetworkManager-libnm.x86_64              1:1.18.8-1.el7                @anaconda
NetworkManager-team.x86_64               1:1.18.8-1.el7                @anaconda
NetworkManager-tui.x86_64                1:1.18.8-1.el7                @anaconda
acl.x86_64                               2.2.51-15.el7                 @anaconda
aic94xx-firmware.noarch                  30-6.el7                      @anaconda
alsa-firmware.noarch                     1.0.28-2.el7                  @anaconda
alsa-lib.x86_64                          1.1.8-1.el7                   @anaconda
alsa-tools-firmware.x86_64               1.1.0-1.el7                   @anaconda
apr.x86_64                               1.4.8-7.el7                   @base    
apr-util.x86_64                          1.5.2-6.el7_9.1               @updates 
audit.x86_64                             2.8.5-4.el7                   @anaconda
audit-libs.x86_64                        2.8.5-4.el7                   @anaconda
authconfig.x86_64                        6.2.8-30.el7                  @anaconda


Exiting on Broken Pipe
[root@centos7 ~]#

3.4.2 从软件清单中查询某个包

1
yum list 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[root@centos7 ~]# yum list httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages
    httpd.x86_64	2.4.6-99.el7.centos.1	@updates
[root@centos7 ~]#

3.4.3 查询包的信息

1
yum info 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
bash[root@centos7 ~]# yum info httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Installed Packages  
Name        : httpd 
Arch        : x86_64
Version     : 2.4.6
Release     : 99.el7.centos.1
Size        : 9.4 M
Repo        : installed
From repo   : updates
Summary     : Apache HTTP Server
URL         : http://httpd.apache.org/
License     : ASL 2.0
Description : The Apache HTTP Server is a powerful, efficient, and extensible
            : web server.

[root@centos7 ~]#

3.4.4 使用关键字搜索某个包

1
yum search 包名
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
[root@centos7 ~]# yum search httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
========================================================================== N/S matched: httpd ===========================================================================dmlite-apache-httpd.x86_64 : Apache HTTPD frontend for dmlite
iipsrv-httpd-fcgi.noarch : Apache HTTPD files for iipsrv
keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch : Tools to configure Apache HTTPD as Keycloak client      
libmicrohttpd-devel.i686 : Development files for libmicrohttpd
libmicrohttpd-devel.x86_64 : Development files for libmicrohttpd
libmicrohttpd-doc.noarch : Documentation for libmicrohttpd
lighttpd-fastcgi.x86_64 : FastCGI module and spawning helper for lighttpd and PHP configuration
lighttpd-mod_authn_gssapi.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses GSSAPI
lighttpd-mod_authn_mysql.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses a MySQL database
lighttpd-mod_authn_pam.x86_64 : Authentication module for lighttpd that uses PAM
lighttpd-mod_geoip.x86_64 : GeoIP module for lighttpd to use for location lookups
lighttpd-mod_mysql_vhost.x86_64 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses a MySQL database  
pagure-web-apache-httpd.noarch : Apache HTTPD configuration for Pagure
python2-keycloak-httpd-client-install.noarch : Tools to configure Apache HTTPD as Keycloak client
radicale-httpd.noarch : httpd config for Radicale
sympa-lighttpd.x86_64 : Sympa with lighttpd
darkhttpd.x86_64 : A secure, lightweight, fast, single-threaded HTTP/1.1 server
httpd.x86_64 : Apache HTTP Server
httpd-devel.x86_64 : Development interfaces for the Apache HTTP server
httpd-itk.x86_64 : MPM Itk for Apache HTTP Server
httpd-manual.noarch : Documentation for the Apache HTTP server
httpd-tools.x86_64 : Tools for use with the Apache HTTP Server
libmicrohttpd.i686 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications
libmicrohttpd.x86_64 : Lightweight library for embedding a webserver in applications
lighttpd.x86_64 : Lightning fast webserver with light system requirements
mirmon-httpd.noarch : Apache configuration for mirmon
mod_auth_mellon.x86_64 : A SAML 2.0 authentication module for the Apache Httpd Server
mod_dav_svn.x86_64 : Apache httpd module for Subversion server
opensips-httpd.x86_64 : HTTP transport layer implementation
perl-Test-Fake-HTTPD.noarch : Fake HTTP server module for testing
python2-sphinxcontrib-httpdomain.noarch : Sphinx domain for documenting HTTP APIs
sympa-httpd.x86_64 : Sympa with Apache HTTP Server
sysusage-httpd.noarch : Apache configuration for sysusage
thttpd.x86_64 : A tiny, turbo, throttleable lightweight HTTP server
viewvc-httpd-fcgi.noarch : ViewVC configuration for Apache/mod_fcgid
viewvc-httpd-wsgi.noarch : ViewVC configuration for Apache/mod_wsgi
web-assets-httpd.noarch : Web Assets aliases for the Apache HTTP daemon

  Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
[root@centos7 ~]#

默认会搜索出很多不相关的包。

3.4.5 通过可执行文件来搜索包名（好用）

1
yum provides "*bin/名称"
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
[root@centos7 ~]# yum provides "*bin/netstat"
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 : Basic networking tools
Repo        : base
Matched from:
Filename    : /bin/netstat



net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 : Basic networking tools
Repo        : @base
Matched from:
Filename    : /bin/netstat



[root@centos7 ~]#

3.5 软件仓库

简单来说，就是从哪里可以下载软件包，centos7默认提供的仓库已经不维护了，所以一般改用阿里云、网易、清华源等镜像仓库。

每个仓库体现在/etc/yum.repos.d 目录下的一个.repo 文件，里面记录了从哪里下载。

  • base.repo 核心仓库。
  • epel.repo 企业版Linux额外软件

3.5.1 换仓库源

把无效的.repo 文件删除/备份，下载可用的.repo 文件即可。

1
2
3
4
5
#配置阿里云基础源（base,extras,updates）
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
                 
#配置阿里云EPEL源
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
1
curl https://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

3.5.2 生成缓存

1
2
yum clean all
yum makecache

3.5.3 查看仓库列表

1
yum repolist
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
[root@centos7 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id               repo name                                           status
base/7/x86_64         CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                10,072
epel/x86_64           Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64      13,791
extras/7/x86_64       CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                 526
updates/7/x86_64      CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com              6,173
repolist: 30,562
[root@centos7 ~]#

三、DNF

特性 yum dnf
全称 Yellowdog Updater Modified Dandified YUM
版本 CentOS 7 默认 CentOS 8+ 默认
依赖处理 基于 Python 2，依赖解析比较慢 基于 libsolv（更高效），依赖解析快
性能 较慢，尤其是大仓库 快，内存占用低
插件机制 丰富，但维护复杂 插件机制改进，更稳定
事务管理 基本事务处理 支持回滚（事务更安全）
兼容性 CentOS 7 系统默认，yum 命令熟悉 dnf 兼容 yum 命令，但语法更现代

四、封面图

封面图